Reciprocating car kiln



lNvENToR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Y6 d# 0M B /MM ATTORNEY P. DH. DRESSLER RECIPROCATING GAR KILN Filed Sept. 14, 1925 Aug.l 16, 1927.

- 1 2 Aug 16 9 7 P. DHf. DREssLER RECIPROCATING CAR KILN 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Sept. 14, 1925 /z-vI/ENT-OR f, W ATTORNEY lll-.i

Patented Aug. 16, 1927.

UNITED, STATES 1,838,988 PATENT OFFICE- PHILI? DHUC DRESSLER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T lAMERICAN DRESSLER TUNNEL KILNS,'INC., Olli'A CLEVELAND,

omo,v A CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

RECrrRocATING CAR XILN.

Application filed September 14, 1925; Serial No. 56,117.

The general object of my present inventionis to provide an improved kiln especially adapted for such heat treating operations as forming the enamel coating on enamelled ware. More specifically, the object of my invention is to provide an improved kiln well adapted for use in heat treating operations of the kind referred to and characterized by the simple and effective provisions made for uniformly heating the wares treated. Y l

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, itsadvantages and specific objects attained with its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and `descriptive matter in which I' have illustrated and described preferred embodiments of-the invention.

Of the drawings: Fig. 1 is a plan view; v Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the broken line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial section on the line {1-4 lof Fig. 1; and Y Fig. 5is a partial sectional elevation taken similarly to Fig. 2, -illustrating a modified construction.

In the drawings and referring first to the construction shown lin Figs.' l1, 2, 3 and 4, A vrepresents `the Akiln chambery which has one closed end A and is provided at its other end with a door B removable to permit access to the interior of the'kiln,l and to permit the insertion and removal of the kiln car C when this vis necessary. Normally, however, the door B is closed and the car C, which has Wheels C running lon track rails a, is moved back and forth between two end positions,` in one of which the right hand end of the car, as seen in Fig. 2, is immediately adjacent the door B, and in the other of which the left hand end of the car is immediately adjacent the closed Yend of the kiln. The car has a refractory top portion, a central portion of which is recessed to provide a ware receiving platform advantageously formed by a slab or slabs C2 of highly refractory material as carborundum. As shown in the drawings, the articles to be enamelled or otherwise heated, are mounted on trays I which rest on the work supporting plat-form C2 of the car, and the articles are heated Wholly or mainly by radiation from the heated roof of the kiln. A large portion of the heat absorbed by the articles with the special Vconstruction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 11, is radiated from carborundum slabs F forming the central portion of the. roof or ceiling of the kiln chamber directly above the kiln car, when the latter is in the central or intermediate position shown in Fig. 2. The wares treated also absorb heat by radiation from the slabs 7 or fa which form the sections of `the kiln roof or ceiling above the wares, when the car is in either end position. The carborrundum slabs F form the vbottom wall of a `combustion chamber E into which burning gases pass through distributing ports 71. from chambers or lues'h at the opposite sides of the chamber E. As shown, each passage 71., has an `outwardly inclined portion at each end to which combustion air and fluid fuel are supplied, H representing fuel supply pipes. From the combustion chamber proper, the heating gases pass through ports A* in the two spaced apart barrier walls AS forming the ends of the combustion chamber E into the heating chambers e' and ea. The latter extend from the barrier walls AIS to barrier walls A att-he ends of the active portion of the kiln chamber. lTheV bottom walls of the chambers e and ea. are formed by the bricks or slabs fand fa/which may be of *carborundum. G and GA representstack outlets fromvthe heating chamber e ,and ea respectively, and I represents pipe outlets from the high temperature portion of the kiln chamber proper for the escape of gases or vapors evolved in they enamelling or'other treatment to which the articles are subjected in the kiln.

The means employed for giving the car C its reciprocatory movements may be of any suitable character.- The means shown for thisr purpose comprise a cable D attached at its ends to the ends of the car and running around pullevs D and D2 at the opposite end of the kiln, power being applied to one of these pulleys by any suitable mechanism (not shown). The end portions of the cable D pass through slots formed for the purpose in the kiln end wall A and kiln door B, and

the portion Vofthe cable passing between the pulleys D `and D?, eruns through a` channel A10 formed in the foundation of the kiln structure. lhaki-lnv -isi-formedwith doorwayspiizi, which servefas, I ware lingress. and egress ports. As shown, the doorways A2 are normally closed by doorsf,A3,14 and arc located at the opposite sides of the positions Occupied by the work supporting platform C2 of the car when the latter is Ain its end positions.

Provisions lare made-for `minimizing the circulation of the kiln atmosphere and'thereby avoiding injurious effects of suchl circulation on the ware, and Aprovisions-fare also made for protecting 'the tracklrails and `metallic under4 portions ofthe car, andthe means for moving the latter back and forth through the kiln, against exposureto undesirably high temperatures. -Theprovisions II nadefor thispurpose comprise carend portions-'C3 'which mayv be `in= the form of asbestos aprons extendinglfromthe refractory body of the ear to the 'lioor level ofthe kiln,-and notched for the passageof the track rails o, sand-sealing troughs 'K,and

'depending apronsfo'r flanges C4, carried by fthefsides Of lthe car and extending into said troughs, and the vusual rib and groove formal tions at the'sidesof the car andthe .adjacent side walls of the kiln chamber, and the transiverse Abarrier walls or depending bafHes A5 and AG which extend down fromthe roofof the kiln chamber into "close vproximity with :the top of the car C.

' llVhen the car C is in either end position, one or both of the ad'jacent'doors A3 are removed and lthe treated i material '-then on 'the car platform is removed and fresh ware -to Vbe treatedvin the lkiln is put in'its place, after which thefdoors A3 are closed. The icar is 'then moved into the central position shown -in Fig; 2, and thence into vthel positionlin which the kiln `car plat-form C2 is adjacent the other doorways A2. =In some cases the movement of the carubetween: its two end `positions mayl be continuous or practically so, `but in. enam'elling ware and for some other Muses, the movemento'f ithe car is ordi- 'narily intermittent, and the'car isiheldfstationary with its work receivingv platform beneath fthe central highly heated portion of I thekiln roof while-'the ware receives-the major portion of the heat absorbedbydt.

zThe |`generali features f of ythe ginvention are 'obviously not dependent on fthe character of .1the-kilnheating means employed. *For eX- ample, in lieuoffthe fuel burning provisions .ofwFigs.y 1,2,Y 3, and 4,' I may -advantageously .provide yelectrical kiln heating means-,4 and l'in itureiconditions. i 1

yandgunloading of the wares treated, and with respect to the control of the kiln tempera- .heiinvention is especially characterized by the uniform manner in 75 which articles located on different `portions of'tlie-platform'C are heated. lt is true Vthat the heat fbsorbed from Athe endroof plates f; for example, a piece of ware vloaded on theicar when the latter is beneath the pla-tesff, 8 must depend somewhat onthe position of the pieceof -ware onthe platform C2. 'Ifithe iece `is near the end of the-nlatform `adia- P l l cent the central portion of the lkiln,;-it:will be beneath theplates f for ashorten time, 1135 and hence will absorb less heat from thelat- Eterf'than willa piece of ware located ron'ithe platform 'C2 -at a greater distance Afrom-fthe `center'of'the'kiln. This is substantially Acofin- Lpensated for, however, when'theplatform VC2 "90 visv moved into its otherv'end position, pffor,

generally speaking, the aggregatertime/fbeneath the plates 'f andfc of any one ,article -treated will be the rsameregardless of; what portion of the platform C2 fthe articlewfrests'Q- upon.

While in accordance with the .provisions of the statutes, I have: illustratecbanddescribed the best forlnof embodimentofmy finventionnow known tofme, it :will heap-t100 parent to those skilled in theartfth-'at'changes may be madein-'the'form ofthe yapparatus disclosed without departing; :from .fthespirit of myinvention as set-forth-in the appended claims, and that in some cases certain; 'fea-il05 'tures fof my ,invention may :be used r.torrid- -vantage ywithout .a corresponding ,user of other features. Y l

VHaving now described my invention ywhat I claim` as new and desire tosecureby. Letv.110 'ters Patent, `is i y 1. Inhakiln the combination with a kiln chamber f having two spaced apart ports. ffor ,the/'inlet andregressof ware, of. a, Ware sup- .po'rt'movable back and forth. 5in/:said kilnl115 chamber to permit wares loadedonsaid support through eitherl port to be .removed through the ,other port. f

y2. ilinfa kiln vthecombination iwith-akiln chamberhaving two spaced apart warerinlet- 120 and egress ports, .of a. reciprocatingcarrier inysaid chamber andhaving aware' supporting platform and lmovable back andV .forth between one endposition in whichsaidplat- 'form is adjacent one ofsaid ports, ancha-T125 second end .position in which said@ .platform `is adj aeent the second port, whereby-,ware

loaded on thev platform when adjacent one of said ports may be removedfrom. said platform when oppositet-he other 0f-said-.p0rts."l30

3. In a kiln the combination with a kiln chamber having two spaced apart ware inlet and egress ports, of a reciprocating carrier in said chamber and having a ware supporting plat-form and movable back and forth between one end position in which said platform is adjacent one of said ports, and a. second end position in which said platform is adjacent the second port, and means for supplying heat to the wares on said platform at a relatively rapid rate while said platform is in a position intermediate said end positions and for supplying heat to said wares at a slower rate when said platform is in either end position.

4. In a kiln the combination with a kiln Vchamber formed with two spaced apart ware lposition .in which said platform is adjacent one of said ports and a lsecond end position in which said platform is adjacent the other of said ports, and means for heating the roof of a portion of said chamber intermediate said ports to a relatively high temperature and for heating roof portionsadjacent said ports to a somewhat lower' temperature.

5. In a kiln the combination with a kiln chamber formed with two spaced-apart Ware inlet and egress ports and a carrier having a ware support plat-form movable in said chamber back and forth between one end position in which said platform is adjacent `one of said ports and a second end position in which said platform is adjacent the other of said ports, and kiln heating means comprising a combustion chamber in a portion of the wall of saidv chamber between said ports', and {lues in vportions of the wall of said chamber adjacent said ports through which the heating gases pass in opposite directions away from' said combustion chamber.

Signed at Cleveland, in the county of l' ,Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, this 10th day of September, A. D. 1925.

PHILIP DI-IUC DRESSLER. 

